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Letters Patent No. 80,463, dated July 28, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ENGINES.

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To ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER JOHN B. DE Mortar, of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia, in the Sta'te of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and improved Engine or Mode of Applying Electric, Magnetic, or Galvanic Fluid as a motive-power;- 'and I do hereby'declare'that the following is a full and exact'description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon.`

The nature of my invention consists in the use of permanent or electro-magnets, so arranged with armatures as to allow`a constant current without the necessity of any interruption or breaking, (as has always been the case heretofore, where motion or power has-been attempted to be obtained, by engines, through the use o f electricity, magnetic or galvanic fluid, or their combinations.) Thus much greater velocity,more constant and -regularmotiom and much greater power can he obtained from the same amount of electric, magnetic, or galvanic current. I i

Toenable others skilled inthe art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describethe construction ofthis engine as exhibited in the accompanying drawingsi I Figure 1 being afronta-ien,v und Figure 2 being aside and sectional view- Similar letters reprcsentingsimilar parts of cach.

Letters A. represent a strong frame, of lmetal or wood, (which may stand vertical, as represented, or hori-- zontak) fastened firmly together by means of the rods a, with screws and burrs at each end, as at a'.

I3 represents a circular magnetof two or more poles, with the iron disk b, and fine insulated wire wound on cach side in a coil, and kopt in their place by the wooden or nonsconducting flanges c, the whole upon the revolving shaft' d. Upon-'this same shaft, d, is a wooden wheel, e, with two metal bands separated from each other as conductors, connected with the'two extremities of the metallic coils, and upon these bands press two spring \\i1'es,iw, connected with the poles of the galvanic batt-ery.l Upon one extremity of the shaft d is the .driving-pulley y.

Creprcsents a complete circle or wheel of many armatures. f, the iron ianges fastened upon the revolving shaft 7L by the screws S. the iron armatures, moving freely in the angesf, not touching the circumferencev of the flanges f, when out, and moving easily 'in the brass or other'diamagnetic metal sockets, lc. j, the coilsprings, toforcc the armatures z'outward,"when not held Ainward by the latches Z. m, the arm attached to the frame A, on the end of which the outer ends of the latches l strike, thus lifting the latches l outvof the notches 'o in the armatures i, and the springsj are allowed to force the armatures outward, as at i.

In iig. 2 is represented about half of the armatures, i', out of the iianges,f, while the other armatures, z', are still against the ilangesf. As soon as `the magnet Bis rendered active, the armatures z" are attracted angularly, producing a motion by the tendency to close or to form contact. 'lhis is not possible without producing two motions, one causing the system to revolve, the other sending the armatures inward against the flangesf, as z', fastening them there by the latches l, iig. l, after having produced their intended effects. In that position they form but one mass Vwith the liangesf, or otherwise understood as the curves of equilibrium, balanced magnetically on tbc other-side by the same iron Ilanges,f, without the magnetic c`ect of the armatures, which at this stage are out, andare individually insulated from each other. Were this not so, it would require a great force to make them move when once in contact with thc-magnet. No impediment should be placed there, as on their freedomv to more upward depends the whole aridvital element to obtain ,the motive-power.

When thearl'nutures i-have been pressed inward against the Ilangesf, the latches l fall into `the notches o, and keep the armatures z' in'tha't'position untiltheypass, beyond the sphere of'attraotion, afterward released by the arm. m, as'bcifore mentioned, and the springsj then press the armatures upward or outward, as z".

If more desirable, these armatures vi on the wheel-'0, its mentioned and described as above, can be themselves electro-magnets in place of the circular 'magnet B, and for armatures attract on onc or more curves, or a numberot' planes tangenting eahfpart of the circle, in the form of a hexago'n or other polygon, where the attraction 4would be eected, so as to form an endless cha-in' or elastic band, supported at angle of the polygon on ax wheel, and eah edge of the chain or band supported by a diamagnetic metallic groove; hthis chain or band revolving with the magnet C, as seen in iig. 3.

On s large scale, a' more desirable construction may be adopted` Instead of the disk B, a series of U-form electromagnots, radiating from a common cent-re, their poles of the same sine, separated or united at their heads, as the case may be, forming a. continuous circle,.or a double wheel. A series of such can be placed on a. shaft or axis.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is The combining and-arranging of a series of magnets, with magnets or armatures, revolving, or other motion,

which are-made to pass from a sphere of equilibrium into a sphere of attraction, thereby ,obtaining a motivepower by the motion produced, resulting from thepower of attraction7 when one or more permanent or electrof themafterward released for a subsequent action, as herein set'r forth and desc magnets are placed angularly against curves or plain surfaces of any metal possessing magnetic properties, and in this motion at the same time to bring back the system into a neutral limit or sphere of equilibrium, and' in that state to arrest and carry it beyond the limits ol' attraction, (without Vthe necessity of breaking circuit,)

ribed, or any'other, substantially the same, which will produce these intended effects.

ALEX. J. B. DE Moana. Witnesses:

W. P. Hmmm), M. R. DE Moas'r. 

